Small and Medium Scale Mining

get word TOPIC SMALL AND MEDIUM surmount ENTERPRISES DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA (A Case Study of Cassava Processing intentness) PROJECT PROPOSAL BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Interest in the reading of excellent and metier-sized enterprises (SMEs) and their ploughshare in the development process continue to be in the forefront of policy debates in developing countries.The advantages claimed for SMEs are sundry(a), including the encouragement of entrepreneurship the greater likelihood that SMEs provide utilise labour intensive technologies and thus pass an immediate impact on employment generation they can usually be established rapidly and put into operation to produce affectionate returns. SME development can encourage the process of both inter- and intra-regional decentralisation and, they whitethorn well become a countervailing force against the economic power of big enterprises.More generally the development of SMEs is seen as accelerating the achievement of wider economic an d socio-economic bearings, including poverty alleviation. Staley and international international Morse code code (1965) identify a developmental approach to SME promotion which has as its objective the creation of economically viable enterprises which can stand on their declare feet without perpetual subsidy and can make a positive contribution to the conveyth of real income and therefore to better living levels.This approach emphasises the greatness of efficiency in new SMEs. Small producers must be advance to adopt new methods, move into new lines of production and in the long-run, wherever feasible, they should be encouraged to become medium- or even large- surpass producers. The presidential Initiative on Cassava Production and Export has increased the cognisance amongst Nigerians of the industrial crop, popularly referred to as the new black gold.Started in July 2004, the initiative seeks to generate $5 billion in export revenue. Fortunately, Nigeria, fit to the Food a nd Agricultural Organisation, FAO, in its 2004 report, is currently the largest producer of mandioc in the world at 34 million dozens yearly, but with a poor yield of an average of 10 stacks per hectare over an estimated urbane land size of three million hectares.Nigeria is closely followed by brazil nut and Thailand, which have a capacity to produce 24 million tons and 20 million tons and a yield of 13. 6 tons per hectare and 19. 4 tons per hectare respectively. Unfortunately, experts at the International Institute for Tropical Agriculture, IITA, Ibadan, Oyo State, call back that up to half of the harvested cassava is wasted by production and post-harvest inefficiencies time the rest is consumed as food.Brazil and Thailand, which rarely consume the cassava products directly, have full developed the cassava industry for the export market. Nigeria should not focus on the exportation of cassava but develop the enormous local and regional markets for cassava that exist in the c ountry, West African sub-region and Africa as a whole rather than start exporting the industrial raw secular to Europe. Nigerians should be encouraged to add value and process them for industrial application.The chief(prenominal) thrust of this investigate work shall focus on the development of little and medium scale enterprises in the cassava bear upon industry justifying the take in for agro-processing industries that convert cassava fresh tubers into primary cassava-based commodities that are tradable in house servant and international markets. STATEMENT OF THE look for PROBLEM The Small Scale Industry is acknowledged to have huge potential difference for employment generation and wealthiness creation in any economy. Yet in Nigeria, the sector has stagnated and dust relatively undersize in terms of its contribution to GDP or to gainful employment.Activity mix in the sector is also quite expressage dominated by import dependent processes and factors. Although there is no tried data, imprecise indicators show that capacity utilization in the sector has ameliorate perceptibly in the period since 1999, but the sector is still go around with a number of constraints with lack of credit availability as the jumper lead constraint. Credit is the largest element of risk in the books of most banks and failures in the attention of credit risk have led to the weakening individual banks and in some cases the banking system as a whole, have contributed, to many episodes of fiscal instability.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this study is to identify and consequently crumple the most effective and efficient way through which small scale enterprises could be financed and promoted, thereby taking into consideration various conditions such as economic, political, social, psychological e. t. c under which underage enterprises are encouraged to hunt with particular reference to the cassava processing industry in Nigeria. In so doing, the police detective intends giving an in-depth information and analysis on the various strategies through which small enterprises can be developed and encouraged.In view of the above, the researcher intends to find out the pursuance (i) The enjoyment played by regimen towards promotion and development of meek enterprises in Nigeria. (ii) To identify the economic potential of small-scale enterprises in the cassava processing industry. (iii) To identify the constraints confronting the development of small-scale enterprises in the cassava processing industry in Nigeria. (iv) To examine the monetary confine given to SMEs in Nigeria. RESEARCH QUESTIONS The study would examine the following questions 1.What role does the government play in the promotion and development of small-scale enterprises in the cassava processing industry in Nigeria? 2. What impact do small and medium scale enterprises make to Nigerias economic growth? 3. What are the constraints confronting the development of small -scale enterprises in the cassava processing industry in Nigeria? 4. What is the trend of the financial choke off given to SMEs in Nigeria? RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND SOURCES OF DATA The two main research methods to be employ are survey research and content analysis.Survey research method is use to study variables and their relationship as related to human observation and opinions about their experience as it concerns the subject matter of study. Interview schedules shall be apply to some operators while the questionnaire schedule shall be applied to some small-scale entrepreneurs. The data, which would be collected from the questionnaire, go out be analysed using the simple voice method and chi-square, goodness of fit. This will make the analysis of the data more concise and simple. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF STUDY This research covers the area of promoting small and medium scale enterprises n the cassava processing industry, paying attention to the role of the government and oth er external factors that can affect positively the development of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria. The research intends to study the native problems encountered by small and medium scale operators in the cassava processing industry and suggest ways by which they can be adequately and efficiently financed and promoted. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Small and medium scale enterprises in Africa rely largely on own savings, not only to grow but also to innovate.Firms often need real services support and formal finance assistance, failing which under-investment in long term capabilities (training and R & D) may result, (Oyelaran, 2003). Besides finance, there are critical elements (including knowledge, skills and experience of staff capacity and quality of internal facilities information and knowledge of market mind and managerial leadership external infrastructure and the incentive system at the micro and macro levels) that are lacking within technology support institutions themselves.These undermine the effectiveness of their support to SMEs. This study is significant because it would help to mensurate the operations of a vital segment of the industrial sector small and medium scale industries, which have been identified as having very high school potential in promoting economic growth and development. The evaluation shall be through with special focus on the small and medium operators in the cassava processing industry in Nigeria thereby adding to the existing literature on the subject matter.OUTLINE OF CHAPTERS In Chapter one, which is the introductory part the background of the study, the statement of the research problem, the objectives of the study and the methodology to be adopted shall be discussed. Chapter two will deal with the literature review. The methodology analysis and theoretical framework shall be examined in chapter three.Data presentation, analysis and interpretation will be covered in chapter four while the concluding part of th e research work will be chapter five where in a nutshell the summary, the conclusion and the recommendations would be discussed. REFERENCES Staley E. and Morse R. (1965) Modern Small-Scale Industry for Developing Countries. London McGraw-Hill Publishing. Oyelaran O. (2003) Financing and cultivation of Small-sale industries in Nigeria. Central Bank of Nigeria Economic and Financial Review. 24(4), December.