A Thousand Splendid Suns: Mariam’s Relationship with Her Father

Unfortunatly, Mariam’s relationship with her father leads her to an abusive marriage which she cannot prevail due to her role as a women. Mariam being forced into an arranged marriage accepted by Jalil. One of mariams main conflicts is She is forced into an arranged marriage with a person who is much older to her in age. Mariam’s submission to destiny and adversity is not limited to leading an abusive and unhappy married life. She unfortunately is not able to conceive a child which makes Rasheed more violent and angry towards Mariam. Rasheed is often agitated that she is not fertile and his ambition to have a son is not materializing. Her childless marriage to Rasheed eventually forces Mariam into a life of submission and misery. Mariam is under terriable adversity, that Rasheed is not worth loving and ulitamtly she is not able to have a child to love. All of Mariams sources of having a loving family is sealed and she finds no strength to prevail the life that’s ahead of her. In the scene Mariam recollects how she played with pebbles her father had gave her when she was a child, and how the pebbles represented a sense of family of love and self belonging towards Mariam. But when Rasheed made her â€Å"CHEW† the pebbles due to her lack of love in her food. She spit out blood breaking too molars . Mariam realizes the powerful adversity she is facing and to add to her hurt Rasheed spits at Mariam saying ,†Now you know what you have given me in this marriage. Bad food and nothing else†[104]. This quotes reveals that mariam is facing adversity in her life,due to the effortless tastless food she made for Rasheed. She had given up and lost this hope of having love and self belonging she was longing to have. Hosseini suggest about mariam that her marriage to Rasheed had created more adversitites in her life, and giving up the hope and strength to prevail against this powerful adversity.

Are Celebrities Being Good Role Models or Are They Setting a Bad Example for the Teenagers?

Younger generations are getting brainwashed by these so called celebrity role models that think they are setting a good example for these young teenagers, where-as it is actually getting backfired. These celebrities have started to ruin our society with people are acting like copycats, because they think if celebrities can, well so can I. But these celebrities haven’t always been bad, they have had a stage in their career where they were good role models, but then their career starts to go downhill, with drugs, alcohol and even anorexia. Lindsay Lohan was worthy of our admiration when she was younger playing in movies called the parent trap, and Freaky Friday, who didn’t look up to the young Lindsay? On 8th of October 2005, it was said that Lohan had tried pot once but did not like the side effects, â€Å"I’ve seen how it messes families up. If I hadn’t experienced that, I may have gone down a different route. † However this did not stop the young girl from using drugs. All Lohan is famous for now is, her unhealthy habits, family problems and drugs. Who wants their child to look up to that? A well known couple that had an affair are Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie, this happened while they were shooting Mr. and Mrs. Smith. Celebrities like this couple set bad examples in relationships. Children are going to grow up watching their favourite celebrity cheat on their partner, marry them and then wait until someone younger comes around. Is that what we want our children to watch and hear about? Or do we want them to grow up and end up in a healthy relationship? Miley Cyrus is a good girl gone bad. This young celeb started off on the Disney channel staring in the well known show Hannah Montana. She was a huge success, with many fans giving her their support, and then she did something outrageous that put a halt to her career, putting half naked pictures of herself online. What next? Is she going to be the next Lindsay Lohan? Or is she going to turn her life around? With not many good celebrity role models out there making the right decisions, it is very hard to find a good role model among them. Although there are some good celebrities, including Anne Hathaway and Taylor Swift which make good impressions on young teens. These two stars are massive role models and so many people look up to them. More people look up too Taylor Swift though because she is young herself and she can relate easier with her young fans. What are we supposed to do now? Hide the television from our children so they can’t see what their favourite idols are doing? It’s up to the celebrities to stop what they’re doing and think about what they are doing to the younger generations and how it’s going to affect them and others around them with their actions, and it’s up to the parents to do what’s right for their children.

Modern Saas- Traditional Bahu

She stays with her parents and her brother in Iambi. She Is full of life, always smiling, always winning other people's hearts. She Is bananas, frank, calculi and mischievous. She Is the life of her friends circle and everyone loves her. She is a good looking girl, with long wavy hair and twinkling eyes which always have a tinge of mischief In them. She is pursuing her graduation In sociology and does extremely well In her studies. She participates In extracurricular activities, and especially loves to dance.She participates in various allege dance competitions. She is also extremely kind hearted and likes to help the poor in any way she can. Once Mains completes her studies, she starts working in a MONGO as a fund raiser. Whilst working for the MONGO, Mains visits big industrialists to raise money for various causes. One day, she has an appointment with Mashes Curran, a very big industrialist. When he meets Mains, he immediately takes a liking to this lovely girl who has a passion f or the betterment of the society, and donates generously. He also asks her about her parents and her family.Once Mains leaves, e starts thinking she will be the perfect wife for his son, Valhalla. He finds out more about Man's and then approaches her parents to Initiate the match, even though his wife Devil opposes the Idea. Valhalla and Man's meet a few times and decide that they Like each other and soon get married. Devil relents and gives her permission as everyone is, for the marriage including Behave. Once married Mains goes to live with Behave and his parents, Mashes and Devoid and Vassal's younger sister, Meta. Their house is very splendid and luxurious and Mains is taken aback by its grandeur.She however has a wonderful relationship with her father in law, Mashes who is a simple, down to earth industrialist and runs his business with honesty and sincerity. Behave works with his father and helps him in running the business. Devoid however, is an extremely status conscious wom an and is always worried about her and her family's zeta. She Is modern in her lifestyle but she is forever pre occupied with the fact, â€Å"eke log Kay exchange? † and this thought rules the choices she makes In life. Valhalla Is a good husband, loving, kind and attentive.He supports Man's when she ants to continue working after marriage, even though Devil Is strongly against the idea. Devoid and Mains are complete opposites and this sometimes causes friction in the house. Devoid is forever trying to control Mains, in terms of what she wears and how she behaves in front of friends and relatives. Devoid, feels that Mains does not know how to live up to the status of the family, as Mains was raised in a middle class family She keeps nitpicking Mains in whatever she does, may it be her choice of clothes or her friendly behavior.She wants Mains to quit her job as she does not eke the fact that, â€Å"Mains sable Jake beak managing hat. † According to her Mains should be a trophy wife and a perfect host to their friends and clients and should be the epitome of style and class. Mashes and Behave try and explain to Devil to go easy on Man's but Devil refuses to listen. She forever Interferes in everything Man's does. Man's Is a smart girl and knows there Is no point fighting and causing bitterness In relationships and handles and approaches these situations In a good natured and tactful manner.Behave is extremely supportive of her and helps her he way she wants by handling Devoid and dealing with her in her own manner. She does this by either being extra nice to her or giving her expensive gifts. This however is not a long term solution and Devoid too, is set in her ways. Mains soon finds out that she is pregnant. She is worried that Devoid will be an extremely interfering grandmother. Will that be the case? Will Mains be able to handle Devoid on a long term basis? If so, how will she do it? Will Behave always support Mains or will he side with his mo ther? Will Mains have a happy married life? Jane eke lye dislike†¦

Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Managment - Essay Example The organization was founded to exploit the gap between fast food restaurants and full table service restaurants. The organization does not provide full table services but offers better services compared to fast food establishments. 2. How rapid was the growth of your organization, and what problems did it encounter while it grew? Describe the passage through the stages outlined in Greiner’s model. How did managers deal with crisis it encountered as it grew? The growth of the Chipotle shows that the organization established in 1993 has rapidly grown to be among the most profitable organizations in the global market. The revenue earned by the organization has almost grown by three times since 2006. The problem Chipotle has experienced during its growth stage has been competition from other organizations in the restaurant business. Greiner’s model evaluates growth of the organization through a series of five stages. The first stage is growth through creativity where the organization is unique. The second stage is growth though direction where the organization grows by focusing on its products, then there is growth through delegation. The forth stage is growth trough coordination and the last stage is growth through collaboration as the organization expands its operations. The managers dealt with the problem of competition by increasing awareness by advertising the organization (Jones & Gareth 315). The growth stage that Chipotle is currently experiencing can be described as the growth through delegation stage. The organization has growth over a relatively short time increasing the number of outlets. The external problems facing the organization include competition from other players in the food industry and the changes in the economy which has reduced the overall sales. Internal problems include maintaining consistency over all the outlets to maintain the culture of the organization.

Strategic Plan of Wobbly Wheels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 60

Strategic Plan of Wobbly Wheels - Essay Example The aim of this planning process deals with the recognition and comprehension of people, technology and the needs of the customers. This is connected to the customer’s feedbacks which are used to bring new and existing services. The intended agenda of the planning development is to create a vision for technology at Wobbly Wheels Company through the evaluation of feedback from the customers in order to identify new services and make improvements to the existing services (Wallace 23). In addition, the company ought to take an initiative to compare itself with other transporting companies. While the company is connecting itself to transportation industry trends as well as system categories and state level priorities and categories. The company routinely checks and evaluates the priorities of Wobbly Wheels. The strategic feature of the planning method ascertains that technical aspects are planned, chosen, and controlled at a transportation level that is sustainable for people and resources to ensure ongoing delivery of services. For the purpose of coming up with an efficient process of deciding and prioritizing customer’s technology needs, Wobbly Wheels has established an office that concentrates on planning and distributing new technology (Wallace, 32). This office is controlled by the office of technology committee that gives the prioritization and strategies for technology initiatives in the company. Wobbly Wheels Company ought to deploy IT information that will provide tangible measurements that will benefit Wobbly Wheels customers and their employees. Improved network services, enabled software service and modern information security tools are being dispatched. Recent technologies that allow access to information in the company remains to be of high priority (Wallace 45). As explained in this plan Wobbly Wheels company is ready to remain a technologically advanced company through their goals.  

Health, Safety and Environmental Legislation for Engineers Assignment

Health, Safety and Environmental Legislation for Engineers - Assignment Example ISO ISO abbreviated as â€Å"International Organization of Standardization† is the world’s largest organization that develops, authenticates and publishes international standards (ISO 2010a). It was founded on February 1947 and it is a non-governmental organization that has national standard institutes of 163 countries and has its central secretariat in Geneva Switzerland (ISO 2010a). Now the question arises, what actually ISO does and how they make standards and who want to follow those standards? ISO develops certain standards for educational, industrial, business and commercial organizations that not only ensure the quality of their product but also draws a framework for the developmental activities to be performed in those organizations (ISO 2010a). These standards ensure that the products and services are high quality, safe, reliable efficient and environmental friendly. This set criteria of standards help public to get satisfied with the products and services that are following these standards and thus overall consumption and usage become more reliable and efficient (ISO 2010a). There is a long procedure for making ISO standards but we take a brief and helpful review of that. ISO develops any standard on demand and need of that standard by a stakeholder or industry sector. The proposal for the new standard is placed before a Technical committee of ISO for majority vote and further discusses this with their members in developing and developed countries (ISO 2010a). After getting positive response from every corner standard is made by technical committees that have experts from industrial, technical and business sectors. Every organization that wishes to have more efficient working environment, safer and cleaner product manufacturing, reliability and creditability uses ISO standardization and certification (ISO 2010a). ISO14001 ISO14001 is one of the standards of series of 14000. 14001 not only provides a standard for products and services to any educational, industrial, business and technical organizations but also helps them in setting a framework for environmental friendly activities (ISO 2010b). It enables organizations to develop, maintain and improve environmental management system and it is applicable to those areas of organizations that have significant impact on environment or which can control environment by their industrial or business activities. ISO14001 is an international standard that allows any organization to improve and enhance their environmental impact (ISO 2010b). Any organization that desires a certification of its environmental management system by a third party organization and want to reduce or eliminate the services causing negative impact on environment can use ISO14001 (ISO 2010b). In addition to providing environmental friendly and efficient framework activities to the organizations, there are a number of other benefits that can be achieved by organizations after getting certification of ISO 14001. ISO14001 makes organizations position stable by ensuring them reliable to stakeholders. It defines organization as innovative to customers and business partners. It helps organizations in managing their environment

Jewish art history Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Jewish art history - Assignment Example c tradition of providing lavish and elaborate cloths as dowry, wherein the cloths were originally used in the home for ceremonial reasons but eventually became incorporated into synagogue use due to the motifs and designs used in association with rituals and ceremonies practiced under Jewish customs and traditions (â€Å"Art and Ceremony† 197). Lastly, another example of adapting the surrounding culture and assimilating it into Jewish culture is the use of a printing press in publishing the Haggadah, along with the incorporation of related or unrelated illustrations beside the texts, resembling non-Jewish medieval scriptures and texts (â€Å"Jewish Texts† 109;Yerushalmi 18).Possible reasons for the gradual incorporation of iconography can come from the need to appease the empires or the majority of the population, as well as the acceptance of later generations to its use in religious contexts. In essence, based on the level of tolerance and the sophistication of the maj ority of the population surrounding Jewish societies, the gradual introduction of iconography through various aspects within the Jewish culture steadily grew as the result of an incorporation of non-Jewish customs or traditions that strongly-support the use or incorporation of images or stylized texts into religious settings, along with the changing ideals of the succeeding Jewish generations. Despite seeming very different and cut-off from one another, the relationship between Jews and Christians is actually strong. Apart from the incorporation of Jewish ancient texts into the holy books of Christians, with regards to the contributions of Christians into Jewish traditions and cultures, this relationship is better expressed seen through influences in the visual cultures of each one. For example, around the Renaissance era there have been many changes observed with the synagogues built during those times, wherein the buildings became larger and more elaborate, which can be compared to Christian

Importance of teaching methods in graduate programs Essay

Importance of teaching methods in graduate programs - Essay Example In the University’s English program, teachers are highly qualified who hold great experience in teaching. They hold majors in English and have the expertise to bring quality education for students. Teachers are mostly native speakers which make them highly presentable and communicable. This is sufficient for international students as they get a chance to learn a foreign language in a native manner. At Guelph University, teachers are well trained in tutoring. They make the best use of text books, training guides and group works to bring comprehensive learning experience for students. Teachers also use the help of multimedia in assisting students to learn visually because students tend to remember and recall things quite well with the visual sightseeing. Collaborative learning practices are exercised in the university which helps them in deeper learning and understanding of a particular subject. The students also feel less isolated and enjoy study in groups which increases their interest tenfold. While performing in the group work the students are less burdened with work and tasks are divided.Teachers organize regular tutorial programs to enhance students writing and verbal communication skills. Moreover, they engage international students with Canadian locals, and this is to improve students’ interpersonal skill and talent. By doing so, international students have the opportunity to practice their vocal skills while communicating with Canadian speakers. It also develops better frequency of speaking in English.

CEO Pay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CEO Pay - Essay Example The average CEO of a Standard & Poor's 500 company made $11.75 million in total compensation in 2005, according to a preliminary analysis by The Corporate Library. And that's just their annual take. At a time when most working families are looking at shrinking retirement nest eggs, many CEOs also have negotiated golden retirements for themselves3. The Top 6 companies noted to have offered the biggest compensation packages to their CEOs includes: Pfizer, Exxon Mobile, AT&T, IBM and Home Depot Inc, this is according to the recently published in AFL-CIO, America/s Union Movement. But how are CEOs being compensated We may ask. According to CNN/Money Staff writer Jake Ulick, these days, few corporate executives are doing the same despite a stretch of falling profits, rising job cuts and sinking stock prices. But a small dose of sobriety has emerged as companies reveal how they compensated their top executives last year. After enjoying a $17 million bonus in 2001 (Ulick. 2003), Sandy Weill, chief executive of Citigroup Inc. (C: Research, Estimates), took no bonus last year, when company shares fell 30.3 percent. The CEO of Eli Lilly (LLY: Research, Estimates), Sydney Taurel, earned a symbolic $1 salary in 2002 and was given options to buy 350,000 Lilly shares if they rise some 29 percent. The CEO of Oracle (ORCL: Research, Estimates), who took stock options but no salary and bonus last year (Ulick. 2003). Median executive compensation fell by 10.1 percent last year to $7.3 million, according to Equilar, which analyzed 161 proxies from Standard & Poor's 500 comp anies submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. But the figures from Equilar, a compensation research firm, also showed that median salaries plus bonus actually rose 3.7 percent to $1.56 million in 2002, after subtracting the value of stock option and restricted stock grants (Ulick. 2003). Thus shows how the executive are paid.Another survey concurred. The highest-paid U.S. executives received a 5.9 percent increase in total cash compensation last year, according to the Executive Compensation Index. The figures, from the Economic Research Institute, found that executive compensation grew faster than annual company revenue, which rose 0.89 percent in 2002 (Ulick. 2003). CEOs running 100 of the USA's biggest companies pulled in median 2002 compensation of $33.4 million, essentially unchanged from 2001, based on an exclusive database analysis by USA TODAY and the Investor Responsibility Research Center, a corporate-governance watchdog. Conclusions say that CEO salaries and bonuses surged 15% in a year salaries for rank-and-file workers averaged 3.2% gains; that Instead of stock options, many companies gave CEOs large blocks of restricted shares, less risky equity stakes. Among 36% of CEOs receiving them, the median value was $2.9 million; that More than 90% received fresh stock-option grants, with a median potential value of $23.2 million while nearly one-third pulled in compensation valued at $50 million or more. Even at companies where pay fell, pay packages remained large. PepsiCo CEO Steve Reinemund's pay package fell 62%, but was a still-impressive $76.5 million (Strauss & Hansen. 2003) Economists have determined that not only is there a strong statistical link between firm performance and executive compens

Roger Miller passion for music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Roger Miller passion for music - Essay Example Roger Miller is a well known musician, guitarist, fiddler, drummer, composer and TV star. He did not live with his parents as a child, because his father died at the age of 26, of spiral meningitis. Roger at that time, was only a year old and since his mother was in her early 20s and was not in a position to provide for her three sons, she sent each son to live with each of her three brothers. Roger was sent off to live with his Uncle Elmer and Aunt Armelia at a farm in Oklahoma. This was the birthplace of his creativity and musical talent. Roger’s creativity was the root of his musical talent, but the development of his creativity was the direct result of the loneliness he experienced while living on his uncle’s farm in Oklahoma. His loneliness led him into a different world, a world of fantasy where dreams became his only source of escape from the drudgery of his daily life (www.rogermiller.com). In fact, while speaking about his early childhood days, said: â€Å"A l ot of people who grew up on a farm will know why I said, O Lord give me a guitar and let me get out of here and make something of the world.†

Should We Drink Our Milk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Should We Drink Our Milk - Essay Example We are speaking of lactose intolerance in which a person is unable to digest milk and milk products because the body stops producing the milk digesting enzyme called lactase which is essential to break down the lactose in milk. People who retain the ability to drink milk are said to exhibit lactase persistence. Lactase persistence is hereditary. It is therefore evident that to really have a choice of whether to drink milk or not, one has to be lucky enough by birth! The history and pattern of milk drinking also brings many interesting facts to light on the extent of choice in the matter. Lactose tolerance is not a capability that human beings have had all along. In fact, according to a recent study conducted by researchers at the University College London (UCL), human beings developed this ability only about 7,500 years ago (Vieru, 2009). So, human beings started drinking milk only very recently in the timescale of their origin and evolution. The first population or communities to have been able to drink milk and digest have been located somewhere between the central Balkans and central Europe. Before that it was generally believed that milk was first drunk about 5,000 years ago northern Europe in a culture known as the Funnel Beaker Culture because of the funnel-shaped pottery with flared rims that they used (Halloway, 2007). That would obviously lead to the question whether their pottery was funnel shaped because it was more convenient to dri nk milk out of them. Whatever be the case, there is no doubt in the fact that it is not culture but genetics that overwhelmingly determines the practice of consuming milk in any community. Accordingly, the annual consumption of milk varies from country to country. In China and Japan in which the lactose tolerant population is very small, the consumption is only about 3.6 kg per person per year; whereas in Ireland and many other countries which fall within the funnel beaker

Modern video gaming consoles Essay Example for Free

Modern video gaming consoles Essay Abstract: There are many ways for entertainment, sometimes these activities are very expensive for all people to offer these activities, as solution for this in the 1970s a new entertainment method has been introduced in the market place, and this new method was popularly known as video games [1]. Video games created large impact among the game lovers. Time to time, people who develop video games, introduces different consoles using advance technologies. Today the leading competitors using very advance technologies to market their consoles to the consumers. Among that Nintendo Wii U, PlayStation Vita, Nintendo 3DS are some of the high end video gaming consoles which are available in the present arena. These consoles equipped with very advance hardware structure like high powered processors, vast capacity of media and storage, user friendly user interface with multiple options, advanced video output, and controllers with advance technologies. On the other hand another set of video gaming consoles has been dominating in the present world which is motion control based consoles. The top motion control console PlayStaion move and xBox Kinect took the gamers to a different track from the traditional gaming consoles. These type of motion based game consoles provide real time game play to the gamers. Today video gaming industry has become one of the most revenue making business, and the evolution of this device is quite interesting, from the most basic models to today’s very complicate play station gaming devices, the demand for the product grown very rapidly. And further international cyber gaming event have made a great impact among individual who are fond of this aspect. 1. 0 Introduction to modern video gaming consoles The technological development in the area of video gaming is an amazing evolution in the world of digital gaming, the history of the gaming industry runs down to the 1970,s, since then the industry has seen a huge development, which were beyond the imagination of human mind at the time of its discovery. The development in this field can be seen from the change that has occurred to the basic gaming device, in the initial stage this mechanism had only used simple joysticks, but today they have developed in to more complicated joystick and move device with more function, because this equipments come wireless they are convenient to handle. Going beyond the gaming arena, you can use the device in various ways, this technology can be used in other sectors as well, and as steering wills are available we can use this kind of devices in training drive and pilots which can save immense cost to the respective institutions. Further looking far beyond the above we can use this technology in the process of developing war strategies which would eventually save not of money and resource, when handling terrorism. More over by using gaming devices we observe the effectiveness and the efficiency of the human brain, and as per the above discussed this industry has potential to grow in the future. Leading competitors of the video gaming industry such as Sony, Nintendo, and Microsoft used their own technological approach to enhance their quality of the product. Time to time they have come up with different products and draw the gamers to a different path. A popular game development company Nintendo announces their new product Nintendo Wii U at Electronic Entertainment Expo 2011 last year [2]. This most advance console of Nintendo, which built up with amazing features than their previous releases. Nintendo Wii U will be ship with Wii remote an upgraded version, Wii remote plus and the Wii Balance Board. Electronic tycoon Sony introducing their PlayStaion VITA this year, targeting its portable video console customer base [3]. PSVITA will be available on the market from the third quarter of this year; will be carrying lot of feature than the PSP. Sony introduce NVG card, new format of flashcard to store games and enable 3G to connect through internet to access PSN (PlayStation Network) for online gaming experience. GPS, Multi-Touch Touch screen, built-in microphone, two analog sticks, rear Touch Pad, Cross Play support (play online games WITH PS3 users), SIXAXIS motion controls, and front and rear Cameras that allow for AR Games are some of the new features from its original PSP. Section 2 provides an overview about the video gaming consoles. Section 3 is critically reviewed on categories and major developments of the devices. Section 4 describes the technologies involved in modern video gaming consoles, section 5 provides future directions of video gaming consoles, Section 6 discuss about Threats to modern video gaming consoles section 7 explains a discussion about the area. 2. 0 Overview of the modern gaming consoles Over the decades, video gaming culture becomes more popular among the individual who are fond of this aspect. Hence a higher task is assigned for the video game industry to provide the output according to the user requirements. As s result of these different products from different manufactures came to the market in a large scale. In the early 1950’s smaller researches carried on to develop video games and the researches last until the late 1960’s. The golden era of video gaming begins from the early 1970’s and the growth is massive. 1985 Nintendo came up with their new device Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), a separate device which is designed for video gaming. Similar consoles like Sega Master System III, Atari XEGS, Action Max, Commodore 64GS, RDI Halcyon were introduced to the gamers with different technologies. Video gaming consoles industry has been rehabilitee with the entry of Sony Corporation. In the year 1994 Sony introduced an advanced gaming device called PlayStation [4]. While Sony dominating throughout the decade other consoles like Atari Jaguar II, Sega Saturn, Nintendo 64, Nintendo 64DD, Game Boy Color, Playdia were also available in the market. Another notable incident took place in the year of 2001 with the present of Microsoft to the industry. Microsoft makes their present with a remarkable console xBox, which is a big competitor to Sony’s PlayStation 2. Portable devices and Handheld gaming consoles also played a vital role in the video gaming console industry. Motion controller based console is another popular device in today’s gaming field. Motion control based devices came to the market with the present on Nintendo Wii and later Sony and Microsoft introduces their controllers Move and Kinect in late 2000s [5]. The functionality and the efficiency of modern gaming consoles are excellent. At the present there is a high competition between Sony’s PS3 and Microsoft’s xBox 360, while Nintendo dominates the motion control console market. Meanwhile the expectations of eighth generation video gaming consoles are very high. The announcement for PSVITA, Nintendo Wii U, Nintendo 3DS, Razer Switchblade, EVO2 were already made and gamers expecting their arrivals. It is expected that Motion control based consoles will dominate the eighth generation video consoles. These eighth generation consoles are expected to have a centralized online system, which is similar to xBox Live and Apple’s game centre. Ported games will be differentiated on platforms via DLC and it facilitates the player to download the game for different platforms. The controller of these consoles will be Controllers will be motion-capable, which comes through an evolution from the SIXAXIS where the motion could be detected by six degree. These consoles will be fully fledged media centers. They are mostly equipped with media streaming, video streaming playback videos through Netflix and adding online video banks like YouTube and Justin. tv. 3. 0 Categories and major developments of modern gaming consoles There are different types of consoles widely available in the market. They can be categorized as motion based console, Controller based consoles, handheld consoles etc. Among that motion based consoles are the very famous one which is popularly used by the gamers. 3. 1 Motion based Consoles These are the most advanced consoles that are available in the market. Japan’s popular game development firm Nintendo introduced their first motion based console Nintendo Wii back in 2005. A big amount of research and development carried out throughout the past and finally Sony Corporation and Microsoft came up with their products. Sony launched their motion controllers Move for their PS3, while Microsoft releases Kinect for xBox. Mean while Nintendo announces their next generation motion based gaming console Nintendo Wii U, which will be built up with advanced technologies than their previous version. These consoles have been built up with massive technologies. 3. 1. 1 PlayStaion Move PS Move bundle contains with a sensor camera and the controller. The controller in the user hand will be detected by the camera and that particular controller will be synchronized with the video game. Once the player moves with the controller, the character in the video game also moves to the direction. FIGURE I: PLAYSTATION MOVE CONNECTED TO A DISPLAY The camera, called Eye is capable of using edge detection, facial recognition, and basic motion tracking to map a room. The glowing Orbs plays an important role to detect the controller by the camera. PS3 Move uses LED tracking and edge detection to determine the controllers distance from the screen. By measuring the size of the orb in relation to the incoming video feed allows the system to calculate the precise distance of the controller from the camera. The color change of the Orbs helps the PS3 eye to differentiate the controllers from other objects that can be captured by the camera and from one another in a multi-controller setup. While determining distance is the primary purpose for the orb design, the orbs also assist in pointer detection. The tilt, rotation, velocity, and orientation of the controller is determine by an array of inertial sensors. Three kinds of sensors have been used in the motion controllers which are accelerometer, a magnetometer, and angular rate sensor. Accelerometer is used to detect the upward orientation of the controller as well as to determine the tilt. Magnetometers are typically used to determine the magnetic field and it helps the system in establishing the directional orientation of the controller. The angular rate sensor is used to measure the velocity of the move controller’s motion. This allows the system to accurately determine the actual speed of how fast the player moves or swings the controller. Motion controllers can be connected to the main console both wired and wireless. Wireless connectivity is based up on Bluetooth, which creates a firm bridge between the console and the Motion controller [6]. 3. 1. 2 Microsoft Kinect for xBox 360 Kinect has been introduced by Microsoft in the year 2010 for their primary gaming console xBox 360. A record making sales occurred world wild after it debuts the market. Kinect use a slightly different technology from PS Move and Nintendo Wii. Kinect only built with a sensor camera, which allows the player to interact with the console without any handheld controller. FIGURE II: PRIME SENSE THAT HAVE BEEN USED IN KINECT Kinect uses Prime Sense’s sensing technology which can maps thousands of points, and can accurately read body movements, complex gestures and even verbal cues [7]. In order to adapt to varying room layouts and sensor positioning, Kinect is capable of automatically adjusting its orientation with a motorized swivel and tilt mechanism built into the base, While the tilt mechanism is pretty solid, it can be damaged by improper care or attempting to manually adjust the sensor. The sensor connects to the Xbox 360 via either the auxiliary port built into the new Xbox 360 S or USB on previous models. The new Xbox 360s auxiliary port is an all-in-one solution that both powers and communicates with the sensor, whereas older systems will have to use an included AC power adapter to power the device. Setting up and calibrating the Kinect can be simple or a bit of a hassle, depending on the type of playing environment. Not only is there an extensive on-screen setup process, but players must physically prepare a room for Kinect. In order to play with Kinect user must choose a clear large space at least 6 feet between the player and the sensor and any object that are intermediate should be moved. Kinect is recommended players play in rooms with bright, even lighting, though our experience showed that just about any lighting environment produces reasonable result. 3. 2 Handheld video gaming console 3. 2. 1 Nintendo Wii U Wii U is the upcoming gaming console of Nintendo, expecting to launch next year. Wii will carry with lot of advance feature from their previous product Nintendo Wii. This console is compatible with Wii peripherals such as Wii control and Wii balance board. Wii U’s Hardware architecture and the design have been completely enhanced with comparing Wii U is Approximately 1. 8 inches tall, 6. 8 inches wide and 10. 5 inches long. An IBM Power Architecture-based multi-core 45 nm microprocessor based on the POWER7 will be use as the CPU, while the GPU will be a custom designed AMD RADEON similar to the R770 chip. FIGURE III: CONTROLS OF WII U AND THE COMPONENT ARCHITECHTURE The console will have internal flash memory, as well as the option to expand its memory using either an SD memory card or an external USB hard disk drive. It will also build up with 12cm proprietary high-density optical discs and 12cm Wii optical disc. Will U will be launched with an amazing port and peripheral functionalities including SD memory card slot (supports SDHC cards), USB 2. 0 ports (2 at front of console, 2 at rear), Sensor Bar power port, AV Multi Out port and HDMI 1. 4 out port. Video output will be sync with 1080p, 1080i, 720p, 480p and 480i. Compatible displays over HDMI, composite, component and S-Video while Audio output will be use AV Multi Out connector with Six-channel PCM linear output through HDMI. Wii U. A brand new controller with a complete new design will be shipping along with Nintendo Wii U Approximately, which is 5. 3 inches high, 0. 9 inches deep (not including buttons and other projections) and 9. 0 inches long. The new controller designed with a 16:9, 6. 2 inch touch LED display which contains all the traditional button controls and along with new two analog Circle Pads. The interesting is the potential for the two screens (controller display and the giant display) to work in direct tandem, an extension of ideas tested on DS. A touch screen interface enables play types that have escaped buttons and analogue sticks. Likewise, inbuilt gyroscopes and accelerometers act as a third set of analogue control inputs, allowing gamers to physically move the device to adjust their aim or orientation on screen. Nintendo Wii U is the Nintendo’s sixth home console and the very first console with 1080p high-definition graphics, and features a new controller with an embedded touch screen. This touch screen enables the player to continue the come if the television display turned off [8]. 3. 2. 2 PlayStation VITA Sony Corporation’s upcoming handheld video gaming console, which is expecting to be available in the market from the end of this year. PS Vita will have a 5-inch OLED capacitive touch-screen(960 x 544) capable of multi-touch, 512MB of RAM, 128MB of VRAM, powered by an ARM Cortex Quad-Core A9 chip and a PowerVR SGX GPU. There will be two VGA cameras (front and rear) capable of capturing images at 60 fps. Additional features include 802. 11 b/g/n Wi-Fi, Bluetooth 2. 1+EDR, 3G radio(optional), ports for game cards, memory cards, SIM cards (only 3G-equipped models), and a multi-use port that can support DC power input, USB, audio input and serial data. PSVITA facilitates it users to voice chat (‘Party Mode’) during the game play. A ‘Live Area’ will be created for the players to receive announcements from the developers and another option called ‘Activity Feed’ is designed to leave the feedback, check player’s recent activity, achievements, rank and the trophies of the friends. PSVITA also allows the players to exchange contents without starting the device which is similar to Nintendo’s 3DS Sreetpass. PSVITA contains a ARM Cortex A9 core (4 core) CPU and a SGX543MP4+ GPU. An advance 5 inches screens with ratio 960 x 544 (16:9) and approx. 16 million colors support will increase the game play. PS VITA also been built with an advanced OLED Multi touch screen. Ps VITA builds with two different memories of 512MB RAM and a VRAM with 128MB. Ps VITA will have two cameras Front with [emailprotected]? 240 (QVGA) and rear with [emailprotected]? 480 (VGA) FIGURE IV: CONTROLS AND THE COMPONENT ARCHITECHTURE OF PLAYSTATION VITA On the wireless side, the system ships with 802. 11 b/g/n wireless networking, Bluetooth 2. 1+EDR (which supports headsets and Bluetooth stereo), and an optional 3G radio, which will be sold as part of a separate model. There will also be ports for game cards, memory cards, SIM cards (on the 3G-equipped models), and a ‘multi-use’ port supporting DC power input, USB, audio input and serial data. On the multimedia area PSVITA supports music formats like MP3 MPEG-1/2 Audio Layer 3, MP4 (MPEG-4 AAC), WAVE (Linear PCM) video format like MPEG-4 Simple Profile (AAC), H. 264/MPEG-4 AVC High/Main/Baseline Profile (AAC) and image format like JPEG (Exif 2. 2. 1), TIFF, BMP, GIF, PNG. Ps VITA introduces Always on feature to connect with friends and colleagues anywhere, anytime with Wi-Fi or always-on 3G [9]. It will be ships with Newly designed Dual analog sticks which will enhance the intensity of First Person Shooters games. Another advance option of PS3 integration will be available in Ps VITA. Gamers can play games between PS3 and PlayStation3 continuous and uninterrupted. Multi touch Display will be embedded with Nintendo Wii U which enables many more advance features from their earlier Wii. Augmented Reality games will be supported with Ps VITA which merge the real world and the game world with front and rear camera enabled augmented reality. Present of PlayStaion VITA will be definitely drag the attention of the Hand Held video gaming consoles lover as well as the other people who is addicted to this aspect area of gaming world. 4. 0 Technologies involved in modern video gaming consoles Modern video gaming consoles are equipped with very advance technologies. Gesture recognition, Motion detecting, Image sensoring are some of the popular technologies which have been popularly used by today’s gaming consoles. 4. 1 Gesture recognition This technology Interface with computers using gestures of the human body, typically hand movements. In gesture recognition technology, a camera reads the movements of the human body and communicates the data to a computer that uses the gestures as input to control devices or applications. Nintendo Wii introduced this technology to the gaming console and later Ps Move and xBox Kinect featured with the technology. Nintendo Wii controllers are the very popular devices which use gesture recognition efficiently. This device that serves as the wireless input for the Nintendo Wii gaming console. The Wi i remote can detect motion and rotation in three dimensions through the use of accelerometer technology. Separating the controller from the gaming console, the accelerometer data can be used as input for gesture recognition. FIGURE IV THE Wii CONTROLLER (Wiimote) 4. 2 Motion detecting Another advanced technology widely used in modern gaming consoles. Sony’s PlayStation Move combines a video camera with a physical controller packed with motion-sensing electronics, making it the technological cross between Kinect and the Nintendo Wii. The Move Motion Controller, or wand, combines a gyroscope, accelerometer, and magnetic sensor (a sort of digital compass that uses the Earths magnetic field to determine the controllers orientation) to track the controller in three dimensions, while the glowing ball at the end gives the PlayStation Eye camera a visual reference for handling aiming, cursor movement, and other motion. Like Kinect, PlayStation Move requires room to function; Sony recommends 5 to 9 feet between the player and the Play station Eye, but you can play anywhere from 2 to 10 feet of the camera. In Nintendo Wii, all the motion-control magic is in the remote. An accelerometer tracks movement, while an IR sensor monitors the positioning of lights emitted by the sensor bar. Its motion-sensing abilities werent so great at first; initially, your movements with the Wiimote were reflected only approximately in games with gestures and broad motions. The addition of Wii MotionPlus, an accessory that gives the Wiimote a gyroscope sensor to complement the accelerometer, improves the motion detection greatly. Nintendo recently began to sell the Wii Remote Plus, a Wiimote with built-in MotionPlus sensors, removing the need for a separate accessory. The Wiis biggest weakness is its graphics; unlike the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, the Wii doesnt display high-definition content. FIGURE V THE PS3 MOVE xBox Kinect using totally different motion detecting techniques from Ps Move and Nintendo Wii. Camera plays an important role in detecting the motion of the player older software programs used differences in color and texture to distinguish objects from their backgrounds. PrimeSense, the company whose tech powers Kinect and recent Microsoft acquisition Canesta use a different model. The camera transmits invisible near-infrared light and measures its â€Å"time of flight† after it reflect off the objects. Time-of-flight works like sonar also been used to detecting the motion If you know how long the light takes to return, you know how far away an object is. Cast a big field, with lots of pings going back and forth at the speed of light, and you can know how far away a lot of objects are. Using an infrared generator also partially solves the problem of ambient light. Since the sensor isn’t designed to register visible light, it doesn’t get quite as many false positives. PrimeSense and Kinect go one step further and encode information in the near-IR light. As that information is returned, some of it is deformed — which in turn can help generate a finer image of those objects’ 3-D texture, not just their depth. FIGURE VI HOW KINECT DETECT THE MOTION OF THE PLAYER These types of advanced technologies providing a new dimension to video gaming industry. Developments with these new technologies are carrying out very rapidly and new invents are introducing time to time by the competitors. 5. 0 Future directions of video gaming consoles A very high demand for video gaming consoles have been created over the decade and expectation for future gaming consoles are very high. Almost predictions about Sony’s PlayStation 4 and Microsoft’s xBox 720 have been raised, though the two companies are not reveling about their future product [10]. With the new 3d technology and realistic HD displays console are surely becoming truly powerful multimedia machines. With the combination of features and ease of use, the future consoles will definitely be a worthy competitor against powerful desktop gaming computers which was not possible before. Future gaming consoles will be consider on enhancing features like Media Storage, Hardware Features, Hardware Processing Power, Controllers, Online Networks etc [11]. Also invention of new technology will be boosting the video gaming industry. 6. 0 Threats to modern video gaming consoles Domination of the multimedia based gaming devices has been increased over the decades, and different devices introduced to the market in different forms. Among that Smart phones and tablet PC has been consider as strong competition to the video gaming consoles. Highly portability, multiple purpose usage, high end gaming experience, less expensive, are some of the significant features of the Smart phones. Modern and future gaming console should take these threats as a serious issue. 7. 0 Discussion Although various types of video gaming consoles developed over the years, using different technologies there are some common advance features of the prevailing video gaming consoles. * Advance Graphics: High end multimedia graphics and video output of 1080p in High Definition with 3D enabled . * Hardware Processing Power: enhanced CPU with capable of multi processing. * Social networking: Share the achievements with social networks website like twitter and facebook. * Online Gaming: Enable players to experience the online gaming * Media Storages: Highly capacity media storage to store as many games as possible Acknowledgement I would like to thank my project supervisor Dr. L. Ranathunga who gave me advices throughout the paper and lot of insight on how to properly set this paper up. Also I would like to thank video gaming console manufactures who gave me this wonderful opportunity to review about their modern gaming consoles. References [1] Tech, S. , Video Game Consoles (1970 Present), http://techyshit. com/45-video-game-consoles-1970-present/, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [2] Saenz, A. , Nintendo’s New Wii U Wows at E3, and Changes gaming forever Again, http://singularityhub. com/2011/06/07/nintendos-new-wii-u-wows-at-e3-and-changes-gaming-forever-again/, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [3] Associated Press, Sony: PS Vita to miss 2011 release in US and Europe, http://www. computerandvideogames. com/314207/playstation-vita-release-date-is-2011-in-japan-2012-in-us-and-europe/, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011. [4] Sony corporation, Business development/Japan (1994~2004), http://www. scei. co. jp/corporate/data/bizdatajpn2004_e. html, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [5] Chen, J. , Microsoft Xbox 360 Kinect Launches November 4, http://m. gizmodo. com/5563148/microsoft-xbox-360-kinect-launches-november-4, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [6] Lowe, S. , A rundown of the components powering Sonys motion controller, http://ps3. ign. com/articles/112/1121742p1. html, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [7] Schramm, M. , Kinect. The company behind the tech explains how it works, http://www. joystiq.com/2010/06/19/kinect-how-it-works-from-the-company-behind-the-tech/, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [8] Nintendo, Wii U, http://e3. nintendo. com/hw/#/introduction, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [9] Sony Corporation, PlayStation VITA, http://us. playstation. com/psvita/ , Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [10] Bostwick, B. , The future generation of video game consoles, http://www. helium. com/items/993554-the-future-generation-of-games-consoles, Date of Access: 10. 10. 2011 [11] Gilbert, B. , Inafune envisions a future where portable gaming consoles and Smartphone coexist.

Belbins Team Roles theory in classroom activity

Belbins Team Roles theory in classroom activity The main axiom of this assignment is to study the group theories and leadership theories and explore different styles of leadership and group behaviour in different situations. I am supposed to identify my own behaviour with that of the leadership behaviour so that this study will give me an proposal in the direction of the encouragement of real life experience and the absorption of leadership theories it tells that working in group will fetches us to have a have a significant memorandum of our character and behaviour on a team and individual point of view as a follower ,as a leader or as a management executive .This task will also tells the appropriate issues of the following group and leadership theories and its characteristics in diverse aspects. 1. Introduction:- Instead of going openly into the topic i.e., reflecting my own behaviour in the group Situations and quoting examples of my experiences in team working in an organization or classroom activities ,what I felt is to tell something about organization ,organizational behaviour, Group and Group characteristics. Why I felt like this means in order to know about leadership, management, group processes, team working first I should know about organization after that I should know about organizational behaviour .After this only I will get a familiar opening to see the aspects like group, group characteristics, leadership and management because in my Opinion, Organization is a nucleus which generates all the above issues. An Organization is a coordinated unit consisting of at least two people who function to achieve a common goal or set of goals. (GIBSON,1994).In my estimation, by looking into the organization at the people we can find out many new things like working styles, behaviours, management approach towards the their workers. Now I would like to talk on the importance of organizational behaviour. 2. Importance of Organizational Behaviour:- Edward E.Lawler says that Organizational Behaviour is a field of study that draws on theory, methods and principles from various disciplines to learn about individual perceptions, values, learning capacities while working in a group. In my view, Human performance influences efficiency of an organization. Psychology tells that each individual is poles apart. Each people have different cultural origins, matchless awareness, qualities, life experiences, mind-set, and life styles and objectives. Management should assume about that each and every employee as unique embodiment of all these behavioural and cultural factors to be effective. In an organization, each and every individual has to play a specific role. Some plays the role of a leader and some acts the role of a follower while some plays the role as a manager and this all depends upon their individual behaviour in an organization. Some individuals join together and form as a group and this group also have a powerful impact on individual behaviour and organizational performance. So, now I wish to talk about group, group characteristics, and individual behaviour in a group. After conducting a proper investigation on the group processes and group behaviour, what I understood is that there is no specific universally accepted meaning for the word group. Different authors had different views on the definition of group. A group is defined in psychological terms as any number of people who interact with each other, psychologically aware of each other, perceive themselves to be a group and purposefully interact towards the achievement particular goals or aims (SCHEIN, 1980, p.317). After this, I planned to tell about how a group forms in an organization and the types of groups .In an organization groups are created as a consequence of model of organization structure and schedule for the partition of work. We cannot say that groups are formed only on the above basis .In my opinion, groups can also be formed in order to fulfil their need, to achieve certain goals, and to represent individual closeness. After the group has formed it will develop and this group development will occur in five stages, according to Tuckman Integrative Model and they are namely Forming, Storming, Forming, Performing and Adjourning. Forming:- This is the initial stage in the group development. In this stage, individuals, who formed as a group were interested in knowing others mannerism and conditions. All individuals will try to have own feeling on others. All members rely on some head to present them arrangement in forming of ground rules. Storming:- This is a inconsistency stage in group development. Individuals may refuse to agree to the have power over of other group members and may show unfriendliness. The important individual relations topic in this stage is the management of unfriendliness. Norming:- This is the consistency stage in the group development. In this stage, the individuals of the group tend to widen behaviour of functioning to develop nearer relationships with others in the group. Issues like how to do and what to do and who will do are arise and group working rules are developed. Performing:- In this stage the group is full efficiently structured and individuals in the group are anxious with getting on with the job and achieving objectives. In this stage, the group is fully established group. Adjourning:- This is the final stage in the group. After this the group may discontinue or continue and discontinuity may be because the task given to them was achieved or individuals leaving the group may also be the reason for discontinuity of the group. After this, now I would like to discuss about types of groups in an organization. There are two types of groups namely formal groups and informal groups. Formal groups are created by managerial decision to accomplish stated goals of organization and informal groups arise from individual efforts and develop around common interests and friendships rather than deliberate design. (MARVIN E. SHAW, 1981). Again formal groups are sub-divided into two types namely command group and task group and Informal groups are again sub-divided into two types namely Interest groups and Friendship groups. 3. My Class-Room Activity:- In this circumstance I would like to quote an example of my experience in working in a group in a classroom activity that was conducted in my university. On that day, my tutor had made all of us to form as a group. Each student was given a alphabet to him and the alphabets are from A to G so that all students with alphabet A together formed as group A and those with alphabet B clubbed together to form as group B and those students who are possessing alphabet C are joined to form as group C and those students who are having alphabet D are gathered to form as group D and those with alphabet E are joined together and formed as group E and those with alphabet F are clubbed together to form as group F and those who are having alphabet G are gathered to form as group G. So, on that day the class was formed into seven groups and the groups are named as group A, group B, group C, group D, group E, group F and group G.I was placed in group C on that day. All the groups received instructions f rom our tutor to do certain tasks as a team. We were given a package and in that package we had resources to do our task. There was a time limit for us to complete the task .Now I will tell u how we did that task on that day. Actually each student is new to each other student in the group. Before my tutor told us to start the task, we had ten to fifteen minutes to discuss about the task .So, initially what we did is, in order to get a friendly environment in working as a group, each student was asked to introduce themselves to the group quickly .Later we studied the instructions and got a clear cut idea what to do. We openly discussed how to do and came to an idea to assign roles to each student in the group. So, every issue was discussed openly in the group. One student who is elder than all of us in our group innovatively told that he is interested in leading a team and undisputedly, he became the leader of the group. One student then told that he was interested in marketing and he will take the role of doing marketing i.e., to bargain resources from other teams if we are in scarce of any resources. Then one student had taken the role of tester and the other student had taken the role of task assigner a nd another student had taken the role of monitor and I am assigned a role as Evaluator. We are six students in a team. Our tutor was assigned a task to cut papers into certain measurements and different shapes and a layered shape .Our tutor provided all groups with some resources so that we should not use our own resources and utilize the provided resources only. We worked as a group and worked dedicatedly to achieve the task. As a result we managed to be the First group to finish the given task in a given time. Now I would like to relate this experience with that of Belbins Team- Roles theory. 4. Analysis of Belbins Team- Roles Theory on My Experience in Classroom activity:- Actually I didnt know what Belbins Team-Roles Theory is about while we worked as a group to do that task assigned by my tutor. After reading several theories on group processes and behaviour, I had an opportunity to relate my class room activity with that of Belbins Team-Roles Theory. Belbins Team-Roles Theory was developed by Meredith Belbin and his colleagues in the late 1970s. It was widely accepted theory for understanding the roles with in a group or a team. This theory states that in an organization, individuals are appointed normally on the source of their capability or experience. This theory tells that we see organizations rarely selecting individuals to perform additional task in a group. David Buchanan (1991) cites the work of Meredith Belbin (1981) as Personal characteristics of an individual fit them for some roles within a team while limiting the likelihood that they will be successful in other roles. The members in a team tend to acquire one or more roles comparatively and without fail. Individuality evaluation, team role survey identifies an individual preference. The evaluation, assortment, appointment and supervision of individual employees by organization are key tools for improving team effectiveness. Meredith Belbin had listed nine roles in his self-perception theory as Plant, Resource Investigator, Co-ordinator, Shaper, Monitor-evaluator, Team worker, Implementer, Completer, Specialist. This is not mean that each team had to consist of nine people .A single member can double-up and play several roles, thereby enabling the overall size of the team. (DAVID BUCHANAN, 1991) In my point of view, I compared my class room activity ,with that of Belbin Team Role Theory because we, In order to achieve the task on time, we assigned ourselves some specific roles so that leader in our team will do his role in observing and guiding us and tester can test the output whether it is appropriate or not and marketing executive will provide us resources by bargaining from other groups when we are in scarcity and monitor and task assigner will do the task of monitoring and assigning the tasks effectively so that every student in the group contributes his own preference role working and contributes for the achievement of the task on time .So my team did exactly the same and managed to be the first team to finish the task on time. While working in that group what I experienced is , since our group is an informal and task oriented group which have to complete the task on time, I felt some seriousness in doing my role correctly because it will be awkward if the team fail to achieve the task due to my negligence. So, I managed to work in that group by paying attention. What I experienced with other fellow members of the group is everyone managed to do their work by showing some interest and happiness towards it because the roles assigned was by ourselves on our interest only. So, we got fruitful success by finishing on time. 5. My Work Experience in 4c Solutions:- After finishing my graduate course in the department of Information Technology, I am recruited by 4c solutions. I joined that company in the year 2009. I got training for 3 weeks and I had placed in a team of 7 members, among which I am the fresher with no experience and the remaining all are with more than 3 years of experience as technical Analysts .The first project we got after I joined that group was pervasive computing project and I am totally new to that concept. My project leader first he had taken tutorial for us and then he assigned our individual tasks .My project leader was 45 years old, with 20 years of experience and sound knowledge of the subject. His way of teaching was very difficult for me and two others members of my team to grasp the concept. At that moment, my age was only 23 years old and entirely new to the work environment. I cannot understand how to connect two computers by pervasive computing technology .For my project leader, this kind of issues are easy be cause he had a vast knowledge of subject and always he feels difficulty with me and the other three members in my group because we are unable to catch his fastness and we many times had late submission of our assigned tasks. Project Leader expects us to think us very uniquely like him and tells us to write some thousands of lines of code on our own. Since my project leader was very experienced, he is handling another couple of teams who are working on cloud computing and cluster computing so, he controls totally 3 teams and he maintained very less supervision with our team because he was the only one who monitors all the three teams which works on computing concepts. Moreover I had some inferiority complex to ask any questions regarding my task because he says that why I am asking such a small doubts. But I dont understand why he cannot feel that doubt is very small to him not for me. Although we achieved how to connect two computers by using pervasive computing concepts, my group f ailed to submit the task of connecting more than 2 computers in a room by using pervasive concepts .So, as a result the client was upset and after our prior request, he had extended another week to submit the project and then we submitted our project to the client .So we failed as a tem to submit the project on time. Now I would like to relate this experience in relation to that of Trait theory. 6. Analysis based on Trait Theory on my experience in 4c solutions:- Trait theory attempts to identify specific characteristics like physical, mental, personality associated with leadership success. It relies on research that relates various traits to certain success criteria. (GIBSON, IVANCEVICH, DONNELLY, 1994). Intelligence:- Gibson (1994) cites the work of Ralph Stogdill as Leaders were more intelligent than followers. One momentous judgment was that intense intelligence variation among leaders and followers might be unfunctional. A leader with an fairly high Intelligence trying to manipulate a group whose members have usual intelligence may be incapable to understand that why followers are not realizing the problem. Personality:- Some traits like attentiveness, innovation, confidence are connected with successful leadership. Gibson (1994) cited the work of Edwin Ghiselli as person who exhibit individuality were the most effective leaders. Physical Characteristics:- There are some organizations that deem that a physically big person is needed as a leader to safe compliance from his members of a team. But studies of the relationship between physical characteristics and leadership gave contradictory result. There are examples of leaders like Napoleon, Stalin, and Gandhi with small posture but also proved effective leadership. Supervisory Ability:- There is a optimistic association between supervisory ability and level in organizational ladder. Ghiselli stated that Effective utilization of whatever supervisory practices are indicated by the particular requirements of the situation. In my point of view, I related my work experience in 4c solutions, with that of trait theory because actually my group had failed to submit the project to the client on time and that situation made us to request our client to prolong the submission for another week .why I choosed to relate this experience with that of Trait theory means I can tell that our group had failed to submit the project to the client on time duet o ineffectiveness of the project leader .Ineffectiveness means not that he had no concept my project leader had vast knowledge and is very intelligent and it made me and some of our group members to follow him and moreover he didnt maintained a strict supervision our team because he handled three teams which are working on computing concepts. So I found my experience, similar to that of the rait theory and thus related my experience with that of traits of leadership. So, after working in that group seeing that failure what i experienced is Leader of the group should be effective and should be friendly with the group to answer doubts of group members and he should govern the group on regular basis. In my point of view, my project leader, instead of doing like that if had done like that of Action Centred Leadership then we had finished the task on time. 7. Action- Centred Leadership model:- Action Centred Leadership is a highly successful method of leadership , developed by John Adair in the year 1984.This theory tells that effective leadership must contain three sets of interconnected needs, which give rise to three functions and they are as follows:- Task-related function:- Leader should meet the needs of the group and by helping its group members, the leader should relay on task completion so that the group overcomes barriers of task completion. Team -related function:- The leader should meet up the needs of the group to hold together as a unified unit. Individual Oriented functions:- The leader should ensure whether individual needs are met or not. Leader should not only focus on the task highly but he should consider individual needs like if a group member needs assistance in one concept, the leader should be in a position to clarify his doubts. DDEREK ROLLINSON.2008 Organizational Behaviour and Analysis,4th edition. London: Prentice hall gives us the diagrammatical representation of Action -Centred Leadership is represented as follows:- So, in my group, If my Project leader if had done the above three tasks i.e.,task-related function, team-related function and individual oriented function, then we may achieved the task on time. My project leader ignored individually oriented function because he ignored fresher group members who are new to the work environment .If he had solved my doubts patiently instead of saying me that why I am asking some small doubts and governed the team by encouraging us to finish the task on time, we may achieved result on time .So, I related this Action centred leadership if had followed, my group and my project leader may achieved success. After this I would like to tell about the qualities of an effective leader. 8. Who is a Efficient Leader:- In general, a leader is a person who is in a higher position than others in a group .The main important management skill to be developed in each and every individual is Leadership quality. BELLA BANATHY, 2010.A manager who is leading a team should have qualities like giving information to his subordinates on their doubts, understanding their group needs, controlling the group, representing the group, planning and also motivating the group. 9. Distinction between Leaders and managers:- The word Leader and manager although has same meaning I dont know why some authors makes difference of the roles that were performed by leaders and managers respectively. The difference between leaders and managers was stated by Abraham Zaleznik, a professor at Harvard business school as those leaders put up with confusion and lack of arrangement and is thus equipped to keep answers in suspense. Managers look for order and control and are in a position to solve the problems even before they recognize their consequence.(Gibson,1994). 10. Conclusion:- This assignment helped me to know about many group behaviour theories, leadership theories and Process theories and made me to realize the faults that I had done in past. So, I got a framework of the theories in my mind now and I came to know how to behave while working in a group .After studying leadership concepts, we taught that the most important skill that each and every individual should possess is Leadership quality and I got an idea of qualities to possess to become a effective leader .Finally I conclude that a leaderless group or an organization is like pie-in-the sky propaganda. References:- 1. DEREK ROLLINSON.2008.Organizational behaviour and Analysis an Integrated approach .4th edition.England:Pearson.pp.317-326. 2. GIBSON,IVANCEVICH,DONNELLY.1994.Organizations:Behaviour,Structure,Processes.8th edition.America:Irwin.p.5. 3. MARVIN E.SHAW .1984.Group Dynamics.Newyork:McGeawhill.pg.310. 4. ANDRZEJ HUCKZYNSKI and DAVID BUCHANAN.2001.Organizational Behaviour.4th edition. England: Prentice Hall.p.297 . 5. BELLA BANATHY, 2010.Leadership skills. The Eleven skills of Leadership. [online Journal] http://www.whitestag.org/skills/index.html 6. J GEOFFREY RAWLINSON .1981.Creative Thinking and Brainstorming. England: Gower

Illegal Immigration into The United States of America :: Immigration Immigrants Persuasive Essays

Immigration, legal or otherwise, is a huge issue right now. Debates rage about how many immigrants should be allowed into the country and how zealously we should guard our border from illegal intruders. To a point, these people are correct, illegal immigration is something that should be stopped. People should not cross the border illegally or overstay on visits. The important question is, however, does illegal immigration deserve the massive amount of attention it receives? No, it does not. By looking at the respected immigrants of the past and thinking about the issues in a clear and objective way, it becomes apparent that illegal immigration (and legal immigration, for that matter) is not as vital an issue as many consider it to be. A key point in this discussion is that many of those who are vehemently opposed to illegal immigration are also opposed to large amounts of legal immigration as well. These thinly hidden agendas mean that often the debate on illegal immigration cannot be separated from the debate on legal immigration. According to Negative Population Growth (which is a suspect source), Americans are firmly believe in tough laws against illegal immigrants and that 70% of Americans want no more than 300,000 legal immigrants to enter the U.S. per year. In fact, N.P.G. says that 20% of Americans want immigration completely stopped. Taking these numbers as the truth, it is clear that America thinks that we have too many immigrants. Such a dislike of immigration is interesting considering the success of past immigration. Many people would say that today's immigrants are somehow different than those of the past. However, the truth is that the similarities between the immigrants of today and those of the past are numerous. Their reasons for coming to this country are often similar. Many of the immigrants of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were compelled to leave their homes by the rapidly changing nature of their countries. In the Europe of the 19th century, this meant quickly growing population and a rapidly industrializing economy. In nations like Mexico and Vietnam, the same thing is happening today, they "are undergoing the same convulsive demographic and economic disruptions that made migrants out of so many nineteenth century Europeans" (Kennedy p.64). Those who are against the immigration of the 1990's also say that the European immigrants of the past were culturally similar to Americans, and that they were more willing to assimilate and become "American." Neither of these things are true. Old immigrant groups like the Italians and may be seen as generically "white" and "American" now, but when they first began moving to the

Human Nature Exposed in Animal Farm :: Animal Farm

Human Nature Exposed in Animal Farm "Animal Farm" by George Orwell is a novel based on the lives of a society of animals living on the Manor Farm. Although the title of the book suggests the book is merely about animals, the story is a much more in depth analysis of the workings of society in Communist Russia. The animals are used as puppets to illustrate how the communist class system operated, and how Russian citizens responded to this, and how propaganda was used by early Russian leaders such as Stalin, and the effect this type of leadership had on the behaviour of the people of Russia. One thing which relates to the topic is how the pigs are favoured on Animal Farm. The main source for this was because their leader Napolean was a pig, the pigs were subject to favouritism by Napolean, and were given privileges that other animals were not given, such as sleeping in beds, wearing clothes and drinking beer. The pigs were also the only animals involved in making the vital decisions on Animal Farm. The fact emulates in a way how our Government tends to operate. The Government Party members are paid an exuberant amount of money, with this money the members of the Government can purchase costly cars and houses, if they wish to do so. They make all the important decisions about the country where as the tax payers rarely have a say in it. Another thing that "Animal Farm" and modern society have in common is that the powerless people are subject to propaganda . In " Animal Farm" Squealer and Napolean used propaganda by telling the animals that Snowball was a traitor, and convincing them that he was a criminal. They threatened that if Napolean was not in leadership Jones may come back. This happens in our society during the election period , the opposing parties all warn the public of the consequences of voting the other party, and how bad it would be if they were in power. The issue of Boxer the horse represents how people are used for their skills and talents. As soon as they are not needed they are disregarded. Boxer was the hardest worker on the farm, he contributed the most to the development of the windmill. As soon as Boxer was unable to continue working, Napolean got rid of him.

Cuban Relations Essay -- Essays Papers

Cuban Relations In the year 1959 a politician named Fidel Castro led a revolution against the Cuban government under Fulgencio Batista. Castro used his influence to persuade the Cuban people to fight for him in the revolution against Batista’s government. With the people on his side, Castro successfully overthrew the Cuban government and was eventually elected President. These people believed in Castro, and that he would make Cuba a better place to live and work in. Once Fidel Castro had control, he named himself dictator for life and made Cuba a socialist nation who openly embraced communism. Cuba became the only communist nation in the Eastern Hemisphere. As a result of this new socialist regime many Cubans fled to the United States into south Florida, which is only a mere ninety miles from Cuba. Shortly after Castro took control of the government, relations with the United States declined. Capitalist leaders, like the United States wanted to make sure that socialist countries trying to establish a communist system, such as Cuba would fail because the goal of communists is to develop a system free from private ownership, which is not in the best interests of the countries who are wealthy due to private ownership i.e. the United States of America. Under The Kennedy administration, America attempted to dethrone Castro from power in Cuba many times, including the Bay of Pigs invasion in 1961. While these attempts to get rid of Castro failed, in 1962 American President John F. Kennedy signed the Cuban Embargo to stop all imports, exports, and diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba. The signing of this embargo was basically the beginning of the end for diplomatic relations between the United States of... ...the sanctions which have suffocated the Cuban economy in the past four decades. Until Castro wishes to comply with the government of the United States, the embargo will stand and Cuba’s economy will hurt because of it. Works Cited 1. U.S. Rejects Ending Trade Embargo on Cuba. Website. . 2. Senators who vote in order of Ending the Embargo. Website. 3. The Cuban Economy. Website. < www.pitt.edu/~press/books/cubaneconomy.html.> 4. Faces of Cuba. Website. 5. Fidel Castro:History Archive. Website. 6. U.S. Department of State. Website. < www.state.gov/www/regions/wha/cuba/.>

Paris Peace Settlements Essay

An international order means how the world exist, work and co-related to each other, which could explain in different aspects included political, military, economic and diplomatic. In the following paragraphs, how Paris Peace Settlements during 1919-23 established a new international order would be explained. In the political aspect, the new international order characterized by the declination of Europe and marked by the rise of US. Before 1914, the world was dominated by Europe. European countries were strong in terms of economic and military power. The European countries are industrialized; they have high competiveness between each others in foreign goods. They have the power to establish overseas colonies. Thus, European countries have very strong military strength which was showed in the arms race between different countries. However, during the Paris Peace Settlements US became one of the big three, and have large authority over the drafting of treaties. After WWI, European countries were exhausted. Britain, for example, she became one of the world’s largest debtors with interest payments that formed around 40% of the government spending. In the new international order, the design of map had changed—new states were created and the Paris Peace Settlements leaded the declination of European empires. Before 1914, it was an age of empires, there are: German Empire, Austria-Hungarian Empire, Ottoman Empire, and Russian Empire etc. After 1923, the fall of empires occurred, Russia fell after the October Revolution, became the first communist country and German Empire became republic (Weimar Republic) after the German revolution. In the Paris Peace Settlement, Austria-Hungarian Empire had splitted into Austria and Hungary due to Treaty of St.Germain and Ottoman Empire declined largely; it had lost territory due to the Treaty of Lausanne. Germany lost Poland, reduced it size and lost all overseas colonies in the Treaty of Versailles. After 1923, there were establishments of new nations such as Czechoslovakia, Estonia,  Poland, Latvia, Finland etc. due to the principal of self determination that the Paris Peace Settlem ent put into practice. In the new international order, an organization— League of Nations was set up for peace keeping. Before 1914, there were only two attempts for peace making—the Hague conference. There are no agreements were reached in both Hague Conferences which leaded to the failure of peace keeping and WWI was broken out. After 1919, The Paris Peace settlements were called to decide what to do to achieve peace and settle matters in peaceful means. In the new international order, the rise of totalitarianism in Italy and Germany occurred. Before 1914, extreme nationalism only caused European powers to scramble about for colonies to bring about national glory; however, they did not expand by taking territories nearby. Thus, there were no changes or rise of any new political ideology, only nationalism caused territorial change and colonial rivalries. On the Paris Peace Settlements, the big three tend to weaken Germany and Austria, to prevent them from growing into a strong power again by abolishing union between the two of them and ceding land from them. After 1919, rise of totalitarianism caused countries like Italy and Germany to adopt expansionist foreign policies in order to regain ‘territorial loss’ e.g. Italy occupied Greek island in 1923. In military aspect, the domination of Germans’ military was lost in the new international order. Before 1914, Germany was one of the strongest countries in terms of military. From treaty of Versailles, Germany was only allowed a regular army that was limited to 100,000 military personnel, an air force and only a very small fleet. The compulsory enlistment into the armed forces had put to an end. Thus, Rhineland had to be occupied for 15 years by the allied military forces. All commissions in Germany controlled by the allies until 1927 from 1919. After 1919, due to the military restrictions imposed on Germany, there was a lost of the military advantage and the status of domination. In the new international order, the League of Nations adopted a principal—Collective security which means when a country is being attacked;  other country should give aid come to support the attacked country. Before 1914, there is no any ideology to give military aid to countries, but only secret agreements or treaties or to use military power in solving problem and conflict. Thus, arms race between countries occurred very often, countries could compete for land on their own without passing through any trials or any peace keeping bodies. On the Paris Peace Settlement, there was the establishment of League of Nations which symbolizes the existence of collective security. Also, there were disarmaments of the defeated powers to maintain peace e.g. abolition of conscription in Germany. After 1919, there were restrictions in military over the defeated powers. European powers tried to negotiate, instead of using military power to solve problems. In the economic aspect, Germany lost its economic income, at the same time; France got the power to recover from the war in the new international order. Before 1914, there were many natural resources in Germany, many coal mines in the northern part of Germany. By 1900, the average mine output had risen to 280,000 tons. By 1913, there was a production of 18 million tons of steel. However, in the treaty of Versailles, the Saar was to be governed by the League of Nations for 15 years started from 1919, and its coalfields were to be ceded to France. After 1919, Germany had lost an income to recover from war. In the new international order, there was a huge unbalancing concerning about the economy—Germany was almost being bankrupt however allied powers received a source of recovery. Before 1914, Germany was rich and had competitiveness among the European powers. Germany had textile industries, coal production, banks, railways, and steel production. In the treaty of Versailles, Germany had to pay reparations up to 6.6 billion pounds. After 1923, Germany could not afford the huge indemnity, workers had discontent because they did not have payment for their job, as their money were all used to pay the reparations. At the same time, the government had to print more money to satisfy the need of workers, however, it soon faced serious economic problems such as hyperinflation and unemployment. On the other hand, Britain and France received reparations from Germany; it had been a source of recovery from the destruction brought by war and distant of recovery from  the war for Germany was far. In the new international order, Austria went bankrupt and Hungary’s industry suffered greatly. Before 1914, Austria-Hungary had agriculture and food industry, and was the most important foreign food supplier to Germany, Italy and Britain. It also had heavy industry such as car manufacturing and electric power industry. However, in the Treaty of St. Germain, Austria had to pay reparations. In the Treaty of Trianon, Hungary lost population which meant the loss of productivity. After 1919, Austria and Hungary suffered and had to rely on League of Nations to recover from the war. In diplomatic aspect, the idea of collective security was being raised in League of Nations. Before 1914, there was extreme nationalism, which encouraged European powers to expand the overseas colonies; military also meant the status and the power of a country and have a suspicious attitude towards other European powers. In the Paris Peace Settlements, there was the formation of League of Nations to ensure world peace. Moreover, it was situated in Switzerland to ensure its neutrality. After 1919, there were more measures on peace keeping. To conclude, a new international order was established via Paris Peace Settlements.

Bob Dylans Social Commentary Essay

During an interrogate with the Los Angeles Free Press in 1965, go afterward Dylan verbalize, All I hindquarters do is be me, whoever that is, (Dylan) which perfectly describes the sentiment you confirm from his works. During his unison c arer, he has wobbled some aspects of his image, music style and religion, going so c aging as to leg solelyy change his charge from Robert Zimmerman to bottle cork Dylan. Living during a real fast changing society, his works ponder on the Civil Rights movement and otherwise historically significant events. He is seen as a part for his generation with his deep and miserlyingful metrical compositions. trail Dylan uses his pieces to remark on life and world, sparking genial reforms. pier Dylan was born named Robert Zimmerman in Duluth, Minnesota on May 24, 1941.He grew up in a supportive, Jewish household, and began piece poems at the age of 10. When he was 14, he taught himself to dally guitar, and played in a friction ma tch different bands in high school. In college, he read an autobiography of woody Guthrie which had a tremendous impact on his music career. curtsy Dylan performed his versions of the Woody Guthries strainings at local coffee houses. Soon, he left college and hitchhiked to New York to visit his softheaded idol. After his death, tail Dylan told Rock 100, Guthrie was my perish idol. My future idols go out be myself. This confidence contributed to his success as a musician. pier Dylan got his break with a talent reconnoitre John Hammond. He released his self-titled first record album in March 1962, which was filled with interpretations of old folk music mental strains cardinal original strivings. A second LP came out soon after that was only original compositions. Bob Dylan released two more(prenominal) folk LPs ahead his big transition into a more electric rock type of music. In 1965 he released a half acoustical half electric album that authoritative a lot of repro val from fans of his folk music.One of his most popular albums, platinum-blonde on Blonde, released in 1966 featured legion(predicate) another(prenominal) renowned rock songs, and received untold praise from critics. This album contains many aver songs including A Hard Rains a Gonna go, and master of contend. These songs are imagination to have been protesting the mail race during the Cold War, and exemplify how Bob Dylan used songs to comment on valet de chambre and life. After this album, Bob Dylan broke his be intimate in a motorcycle diagonal and spent the undermentioned couple of old age in recovery. After releasing many more successful albums, he went by a major transition from Judaism to Christianity. His next three albums shi postulate that transition, which confused much of his fan base. Bob Dylan continued to record and toured with a couple differentbands during the 80s. In 2001, he received a aureate Globe for the best original song in a movie for Thing s pee-pee Changed. Bob Dylan is still alive and continues to agree public appearances and occasionally perform. Bob Dylans songs use symbolism and imagery to reflect his views on life in a different way.The song Blowin in the writhe is one of his most famous works. This song uses the phrase blowin in the wind to event multiple questions astir(predicate) gentlemans gentleman that it puts forth. The song as well has war themes, shown when it asks the question, How many time must the cannonballs fly before theyre forever banned?(5). The lyrics exemplify his disgust for violence. The whole poem reflects his view that humanity will never learn from their mistakes. Bob Dylan also has some less semipolitical and more acknowledge themed pieces. In the song Watered great deal Love, he talks astir(predicate) how pure know will only hurt you so you need to look for a watered down love. The repetitious phrase, You dont inadequacy a love thats pure, you want a drown love, you wan t a watered down love (12).The song Love is just a Four Letter Word save continues the theme of true love beingness impossible. The song begins with him hearing others saying that love doesnt mean anything, but in the end of the song he confides that himself. This is shown when it says though I never knew just what you meant when you were talk to your man, I could only think in terms of me and now I understand, (28). The songs are examples of how Bob Dylan uses his writing to comment on parts of life such as love and war. Bob Dylans writing does not go without criticism.His frequent changes in music style and image get down distaste from many critics. Jann Wenner in pealing Stone clipping said, Dylan created so many images and expectations that he narrowed his room for manoeuvrability and finally became unsure of his own instincts,(Wenner,The trilled Interview Bob Dylan.) There are also arguments of Bob Dylans section as an workman. Some view that his songs do not qualif y him as an artist and should not be read and canvass as poetry. Others, such as Christopher Rooks, believe that his songs, even if they are not written in a traditional poetical way, are still art because of the what they mean and what they can tell us astir(predicate) the human condition, close the nature of naturalism as it concerns man, which is thevery definition of art, (Karwowski, Is Bob Dylan an artisan?). In another searing essay, Ellen Willis points out in Cheetah Magazine that although he may be seen as a poet, his poetry has horrendous grammar, compound phrases,silly metaphors, embarrassing clichs, muddled thought at times he seems to believe one good image deserves pentad others, and he relies too much on rhyme.(Willis, Dylan).Although his songs receive a lot of criticism for his changing images and whether he should be seen as an artist, no one can recall the unique way Bob Dylan portrays humanity and his role as a spokesperson for his generation. Bob Dylan is considered to be the greatest submit on popular culture of all time. His surroundings inspired him to write about important historical moments such as the Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedys assassination, the Civil Rights movement. Many of his songs are like a shot written about these events, most notably, The cobblers last of Emmett Till., which was written about the murder of 15 year old Emmett Till, a shameful boy who was accused of flirting with a white girl. Other songs such as Blowin in the Wind, The Times they are A Changing, and A Hard Rains a Gonna Fall all have political and social meaning behind them.He said that the folk songs showed methat songs can say something human. (Dylan, 86) about his social commentary pieces. Bob Dylan was also a major player in the anti-war protests, sparked by the Vietnam War. His anti-war songs twined activists, mostly college students who listened to his music. No other artist has had such a rudimentary effect on the cultural development in America. He had an incredible influence on social reforms in this generation, as well as inspiring many other famous bands such as the Beatles, the turn over Stones, Jimi Hendrix, and Eric Clapton. No one can deny that he was a factor in the revolution of hundreds of thousands of people. Bob Dylan uses his songs as a way to comment on life, humanity, sparking social reforms.His childhood during the time distributor point he lived in influenced his writing greatly through watching major historical event occur such as the Civil Rights Movement, World War Two, the Vietnam War and the assassination of President Kennedy. A famous song, Blowin in the Wind talks about societys inability to change their views, and can be translated to be an antiwar hymn or a Civil Rights commentary. Bob Dylan is criticized mainly on whether his songs can be called poetry and if he can be considered an artist. Also, the politics brought into his writing are very controversial. All in all, Bob Dylans songs had a considerable impact on society because of his commentary on humanity. whole shebang CitedBob Dylan. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Detroit Gale, 1998. learner options in Context. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. Karwowski, Michael. Is Bob Dylan an Artist? Contemporary Review 1 June 2004 n. pag. Print. Wenner, Jann S. The scroll Stone Interview Bob Dylan. Rolling Stone 29 Nov. 1969 32-35. Rolling Stone. Web. 15 Apr. 2013. Wenke, Joseph. Bob Dylan. The Beats Literary Bohemians in Postwar America. Ed. Ann Charters. Detroit. Gale Research, 1983. Dictionary of Litereary Biograhy Vol 16. Literature Resource Center. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. Yaffe, David. Bob Dylan Like a Complete Unknown. New Haven Conn. Yale UP, 2011. Print.

Analysis of Gender Roles in Macbeth

In soldieryy cultures, such as European in society, women atomic number 18 perceived as the primary coil cargontaker of the home among separate oppressive notions that pertain to them. They were in charge of organizing social counterbalancets, maintaining the familys reputation, cooking, and cleaning now and again with assistance from their children. They were considered to be of less value than their manlike counterp devices and, thus, were not permitted the opportunity to bemuse a authority in politics, religion, and society. Since the time of Shakespe ar, the majority of gender inequities in society agree been abolished, and a new time of complete compare is on the horizon.However, at that place are barriers of ignorance, whose sole purpose is to hinder progression, that people have yet to break. Women have made efforts to gain par in society since the 1800s as seen by the writer and feminist Mary Wollstonecraft who wrote A defense reaction of the Rights of Woman, th e first great feminist treatise. It listed and discussed her grievances concerning gender distinction and had a total influence on the art of travel composition as well as the Romantic Movement.A sign of this progress in society, other than womens introduction into several facets of society (i. e. entertainment, business, politics, etc. ), is the adoption of gender piece reversal, partly referable to its comedic portrayal in television but as well as its necessity in some homes. As expected, there were some who were more conservative towards gender equality such as, William Shakespeare which was seen in his gruesome play, Macbeth that used this radical of general role reversal to oppose this idea.Macbeth and noblewoman Macbeth show the first instances of this peculiar gender role reversal, which occurs exceptionally early in the play when Macbeth is conflicted with the cream of either killing Duncan as according to the final cause or spare his life as he begins to see the unbent wickedness of this act. Here Macbeth exhibits weakness, an inability to do something treacherous and soul sullying that was relatively coarse for men to do in plays written by the likes of Shakespeare.Because Shakespeare has established what he believes to be a ordinary man and woman in his assortment of plays, for slip Romeo and Juliet, one can definitively claim that Macbeth is acting exceptionally feminine during this section of the play. skirt Macbeth demonstrates her masculinity as she taunts and ridicules Macbeth for even considering terminating their plan to kill Duncan, excerpt. She even goes as far as suggesting killing him herself if it werent for the fact that Duncan resembles her father however, she compensates for her inability to kill Duncan by placing the bloody knife in the hands of the trusting servants.This role reversal is accentuated by Lady Macbeths soliloquy that was essentially her grievances of being a skirt and her burning desire to become a ma n because men have the inherent ability to be dastardly, excerpt. While her motives for unsexification are not the al virtually benevolent, the fact that the only method of obtaining equal psychogenic capacity to men is to physically be a man, which at the time meant being born as one or, evidently, replacing breast milk with gall, is Shakespeare explicitly exhibiting his misogynistic notions.Aside from the subliminal sexism seen throughout the play, Shakespeares project pertaining to conventional gender roles is seen as the play progresses, but the true message is exhibited nearing end of the play when Lady Macbeths guilt induced insanity causes her to commit felo-de-se and Macbeths head is decapitated. Macbeth can easily be seen as either an elongated Direct T. V. mercantileif you reverse gender roles you will go insane. When you go insane, you will be hospitalized. When you are hospitalized, you commit suicide. siret commit suicide.Stay with traditionor a 17th century PSA w arning the universal about what happens if man and a woman recognize to act as Macbeth and Lady Macbeth do. Shakespeare obviously believes in traditional views concerning gender hierarchy, the questionable element of it, though, is how he conveyed this message. The consequences of both Lady Macbeth attempting to adopt the role of a man and Macbeths seemingly unintentional muliebrity were gruesome and grotesque that was used to convey a relatively simple idea this passionate transfer of training has several potential explanations.The first is, because Shakespeares plays are suffused with suicide, murder, and death in general, the reader is seeing an desegregation of gender role reversal with his style of writing which happens to produce a feminists nightmare. Shakespeare could have been modestly incorporating this idea into his play but it appeared to the audience as something more. Second is that the catastrophic ending was not unintentional but was for all intents and purpose to smash people into never trying to break tradition.Macbeth and Lady Macbeths demise was due to their non-conformity therefore, if one were to do as Lady Macbeth and Macbeth did, they would suffer the same consequences. all way, an underlying theme in the play, if not the most prominent, is that chaos will ensue if the most inseparable constitution of humanity is upset, thus, making Macbeth a warning(a) tale for all women who dare challenge the system in an attempt to gain rights. However, some are oblivious to the blatant sexism and believe that any moment of this is simply being misinterpreted.