The Digestive System and the Urinary System

Man loves provender and loves to eat. His zest is of all time good and in roughly good examples, he will eat forage even if he is not supper little especially if the food is tasty. Of course, food has to purport into the line of products to be carried to the torsos cells. Only soluble food or food which has already been dissolved put up do this. Most of the food we eat, however, is insoluble. flush if you grind it down finely, it still wint dissolve. And so, to make function of it, our organic organize has to make grow it down into chemicals which can dissolve.This fiberitioning is called digestion, and it takes piazza in the digestive dust. by and by our body completely utilizes the food and its nutrients or minerals, it establishs waste and this waste should be removed. It is at a time the p artistic creation or role of the urinary arranging to control the discharge of reliable waste substantives filtered from the blood by the kidneys. appreciation thes e dickens dusts, working hand in hand, would further improve wizs appreciation of how our body exercises. Our digestive arranging is a subway with two openings and many another(prenominal) specialized organs.It extends from the blab out of the anus and is to a fault called the GI tract. An interesting fact about the gastrointestinal tract is that objet dart food or food residues ar in it, technically the stuff and nonsense is still exterior the body. Nutrients beart officially enter the body until they move from the space inside the digestive tube, its lumen, into the bloodstream. From beginning to end, mucus-coated epithelium lines surfaces facing the lumen. The thick, dampish mucus protects the wall of the tube and enhances dispersion across its inner lining.When we eat, the food advances in genius direction, following the major comp starnts of the forgiving digestive arranging, from the mouth or spontaneous cavity, pharynx, esophagus, turn out, small gut and the large intestine or colon. The large intestine ends in the rectum, anal canal and anus. . If the complete digestive transcription of an adult sympatheticity were fully stretched out, it would extend 6. 5 to 9 meters or 21 to 30 feet definitely one big tube. The mouth or the ad-lib cavity is the doorway to the digestive constitution where the food is moistened and chewed. It can be express that the polysaccharide digestion starts in the mouth.The pharynx is the entrance to the tubular part of the system and to the respiratory system as well. It moves the food toward by contracting sequentially. On the other hand, the esophagus is the muscular, saliva-moistened tube that moves food from pharynx to stomach. The stomach is the muscular sac which stretches to store the food we take, faster than can be processed. gastric fluid mixes with food and kills many pathogens. If the mouth is the place for polysaccharide digestion, the stomach is the place where protein digestion sta rts. It secretes grhelin.Grhelin is the appetite hormone which is responsible for those individuals who always want to eat. The small intestine on the other hand, has iii parts. The first part of the small intestine, namely the duodenum which is C- do and al near 10 inches long, receives secretions from the pancreas, gall vesica and liver. The second part, the jejunum which is almost three feet long, is the part of the small intestine where most nutrients be digested and absorbed. The third part is the ileum which is six to seven feet long and absorbs some nutrients and delivers unabsorbed material to large intestine.The large intestine concentrates and stores undigested matter by absorbing mineral ions and water. The large intestine of the adult human is about five feet long and it is dual-lane into ascending transverse and descending portions. The stand two major components of the digestive system argon the rectum and the anus. The rectum is the distension which stimulates exp ulsion of the throne while the anus is the end of the digestive system and has a terminal opening by which feces be expelled. (Smith and Morton, 2001). The other system, urinary system, consists only of the two kidneys, two ureters, urinary bladder and the urethra.The two kidneys are shaped like beans, with the indentation or hilum, which faces medially. The kidney contains twain excretory and collecting elements in the frame of epithelial tubes and cavities, which are separated and support by connective tissue twist with blood vessels. The two ureters, urinary bladder and urethra are all collecting elements. The ureters clear the urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. A single urethra then carries the urine to the outside. We should be aware that the urethra is one component of the urinary system whose final build upment and office differ in the male and female.The ureters and urinary bladder are also lie with transitional epithelium. Surrounding this lining are t hick walls compriseed by triple layers of smooth muscle held together by connective tissue, particularly prominent in the urinary bladder. The urethra is lined by a combination of epithelial types, ranging from transitional to tell apart squamous. The stratified squamous is the epithelium characteristic of structure close to or on the outside of the body (Premkumar, 2004). To sum the components and functions of the urinary system, the two kidneys put out urine while the ureters take in the urine to the urinary bladder.The urinary bladder in return stores the urine while the urethra transports the urine out of the body. The digestive system advances the homeostasis in the human body with mechanical processing and motility, secretion, digestion, absorption and expulsion. In mechanical processing and motility, movements of the various parts, much(prenominal) as teeth, tongue and muscle layers, break up, mix and propel the food material that we eat. In secretion, the digestive enzymes and other substances are released into the digestive tube.Digestion encounters when the food that we eat is chemically broken down into nutrient molecules until they become small enough to be absorbed. next digestion, of course, is absorption, where the digested nutrients and fluid pass across the tube wall and into blood or the lymph. Finally, elimination takes place when the undigested and unabsorbed residues are eliminated form the end of the digestive system or gastrointestinal tract. While the urinary system maintains homeostasis in the body by excretion and reabsorbing important electrolytes, compounds and water.Depending on the changes in the bloods unpleasant-base balance, the kidneys can either expire hydrogen carbonate or form youthful bicarbonate and add it to the blood. The necessary chemical reactions go on in the cells of the so called nephron tubule walls. For example, when the blood is too acid such as when we drink softdrinks or soda, water and carbon dioxide combine with the ease of an enzyme. They form a compound called the carbonic acid that then can be broken into bicarbonate and H+. Then, the bicarbonate produced in the reactions moves into the interstitial fluid, and form in that respect into peritubular capillaries.It ends up in the general circulation, where it buffers overabundance H+. H+ formed in the tubule cells is removed from the body. It is secreted into the nephrons lumen, where it whitethorn combine with bicarbonate ions in the filtrate. deplorably for them, those ions cant cross the tubule wall. further when bicarbonate is not available, the excess H+ combines with phosphate ions or ammonia and is excreted in the urine. This is how kidneys rid the body of hydrogen ions. On the other hand, when the blood is too alkaline, chemical adjustments in the kidneys normally ensure that less bicarbonate is reabsorbed into the bloodstream.Based on how the structure and function of two organ systems collaborate to maint ain the bodys homeostasis, I gauge that a golem having a digestive system and urinary system just alike that of the humans is impossible. Robots can be used to cure or shell out digestive or urinary system problems unless robots having these systems seem impossible. More generally, robots are used to treat humans and serving doctors in surgeries. This is evident in the use of robots in surgery or the so-called Surgical Robotics which is considered to be the state of the art and future trend, especially towards autonomy (Finlay, 2007).The examples of aesculapian robot taxonomy are medical robots, running(a) robotics, non-operative robotics, image guided robots and multi-arm telemanipulators. They are also used in neurosurgery and there are new developments such as the maturation strategic surgical robots and tactical surgical robots. On the contrary, robots may have a digestive system or urinary system that is similar or functions the akin way as the digestive system or urin ary system of humans, but not totally or barely the same.If humans were to create robots with digestive systems of urinary systems, then that would be really hard and the resulting project would be really complex. In addition to this, it would require us to develop sophisticated nanotechnology or use a lot of nanotechnology just to create one digestive system or one urinary system. After all, it is the body which secretes the enzymes or chemicals which conducts the bodily processes needed in the human body. A robot cannot simply produce the chemicals which are exactly the same as what our body creates or secretes.A hypothetical digestive and urinary system for a robot would look similar to the parts and processes that occur inside the automobiles. The gasolene is the robots food and the carburetor or the pistons are the teeth of the robot. An engine will officiate as the stomach and in the case of a electric discharge ignition engine, the spark will be similar to the chemicals or enzyme which the digestive system releases in run to digest or ignite the food. The gasoline which was not properly utilized or if incomplete combustion occurs, carbon dioxide or other gas emissions (similar to feces in the human body) will be released in the exhaust.